National parks are protected areas established to conserve wildlife, ecosystems, and natural beauty. They play a vital role in preserving biodiversity, safeguarding critical habitats, and offering opportunities for scientific research, education, and eco-friendly tourism. Under the Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, activities within these parks are strictly regulated to prioritize conservation. For travelers, national parks are not just nature retreats but also gateways to understanding the importance of environmental preservation. They serve as the foundation of ecological protection, helping secure a healthier planet for present and future generations.
Best National Parks in Kerala for Nature and Wildlife Lovers
Kerala, the southern state of India, is not only famous for its lush valleys and serene backwaters but also renowned for its rich biodiversity and stunning national parks. Nestled in the lap of the Western Ghats, these parks are home to rare plant species and unique wildlife. They offer travelers a perfect blend of adventure, tranquility, and a deep connection with nature.
If you’re a nature lover looking to explore something truly special on your next trip, these five national parks in Kerala definitely deserve a spot on your travel bucket list.
1. Silent Valley National Park 🐒
Nestled in the Nilgiri Hills, Silent Valley National Park is a unique tropical evergreen rainforest that was declared a national park in 1985. It is home to several rare and endangered species such as the Lion-tailed Macaque, Nilgiri Langur, and Malabar Giant Squirrel. The Kunthipuzha River enriches the region’s ecosystem, making it even more vibrant and diverse.
In the 1970s, the “Save Silent Valley” movement successfully halted a proposed hydroelectric project, leading to the area’s protection. Today, Silent Valley is part of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and serves as an inspiring example of biodiversity conservation. It’s a must-visit destination for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts.
2. Eravikulam National Park 🏔️
Location: Idukki and Ernakulam districts
Famous For: Nilgiri Tahr, Anamudi Peak (the highest in South India), and the blooming of Neelakurinji flowers
Established in 1978, Eravikulam National Park spans about 97 square kilometers across the Idukki and Ernakulam districts of Kerala. Located in the Kannan Devan Hills, it is home to Anamudi Peak, the highest point in South India at 2,695 meters.
The park shelters the largest population of the endangered Nilgiri Tahr, a mountain goat endemic to the Western Ghats. One of its most enchanting features is the mass blooming of the Neelakurinji flowers, a rare natural event that occurs only once every 12 years (last seen in 2018). This spectacular phenomenon adds to the park’s charm, making Eravikulam a must-visit for nature lovers and an important center for conservation.
3. Anamudi Shola National Park 🌲
Location: Idukki District
Famous For: Shola grasslands, Indian Wild Dog, Nilgiri Marten
Anamudi Shola National Park, located in Kerala’s Idukki district, was declared a national park in 2003. Though it covers just 7.5 square kilometers, it holds immense ecological importance due to its rich biodiversity. The park is part of the Anamalai sub-cluster of the Western Ghats, recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
It is home to several endangered and endemic species such as the Nilgiri Tahr, Indian Wild Dog (Dhole), and the elusive Nilgiri Marten. As a catchment area for rivers like Pambar and Chinnar, the park also plays a crucial role in water conservation. Despite its small size, Anamudi Shola is a vital sanctuary for both wildlife and nature lovers.
4. Pampadum Shola National Park 🐾
Location: Idukki District
Famous For: Rare medicinal plants, smallest but ecologically significant
Pampadum Shola is Kerala’s smallest national park, covering just 1.32 square kilometers, and was declared a national park in 2004. The name “Pampadum Shola” means “the forest where the snake dances,” reflecting its rich and vibrant biodiversity.
Despite its small size, the park is a critical habitat for endangered species like the Nilgiri Marten and the Indian Wild Dog. It also serves as an essential wildlife corridor between Eravikulam National Park and the Palani Hills, allowing safe movement for animals. Pampadum Shola offers eco-tourism activities such as trekking and eco-stays, making it a serene yet significant destination for nature enthusiasts.
5. Mathikettan Shola National Park 🐘
Location: Idukki District
Famous For: Indian Elephants, Gaur, Shola Forests, Orchids
Mathikettan Shola National Park, located in Kerala’s Idukki district, was declared a national park in 2003. Spanning an area of 12.82 square kilometers, it is renowned for its dense Shola forests and rich biodiversity. The park is home to majestic wildlife such as Indian Elephants, Gaur, and the rare Nilgiri Marten.
It serves as a vital wildlife corridor connecting Periyar Tiger Reserve and Eravikulam National Park, allowing the free movement of animals across the region. The park also hosts a variety of rare medicinal plants, evergreen trees, and vibrant orchids. With limited eco-tourism activities, Mathikettan Shola promotes environmental awareness while preserving its delicate ecosystem—making it a hidden gem for nature lovers.
🌱 Travel Tips:
- Most parks remain closed during the monsoon season (June to September). The best time to visit is from October to March.
- Prior permission and guided tours are mandatory in some parks—plan accordingly.
- Prioritize eco-tourism – avoid bringing plastic, and do not disturb the wildlife.
